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Introduction1. LA TRANSPOSITIONDéfinition Transposition de l’adjectif 1.2. Transposition de l’adjectif composé 1.3. Transposition de l’adjectif dérivé 1.4. .Transposition de l’adjectif précédé de how. 1.5. Transposition de l’adjectif relationnel 1.6. Transposition du nom utilisé comme épithète 1.7. Transposition du participe passé adjectivé Transposition de l’adverbe 1.8. Transposition de l’adverbe en syntagme prépositionnel 1.9. Transposition de l’adverbe en adjectif quand il modifie un verbe introducteur de citation 1.10. Transposition de l’adverbe en affixe 1.11. Transposition de l’adverbe en verbe 1.12. Transposition de l’adverbe postposé en verbe Transposition du verbe 1.13. Transposition du verbe en groupe prépositionnel. 1.14. Les reprises par auxiliaires 1.15. Transposition des modaux 1.16. Transposition du participe présent utilisé comme épithète antéposée 1.17. Transposition du gérondif épithète 1.18. Transpositions du gérondif non épithète Transpositions en cascade 1.19. Nominalisation d’une subordonnée 1.20. Nominalisation d’une indépendante coordonnée 1. Compound adjectives 2. Compound and affixed adjectives 3. Short texts involving the same exercise 4. ‘How + adjective’. Commentary 5. Now it’s your turn to translate and nominalize ‘how’ clauses 6. ‘early’ and ‘late’ 7. Classifying adjectives 8. Transposition of nouns used as premodifiers into adjectives Transposition
of adverbs 9. Translations of –ly adverbs 10. Translations of –ly adverbs, in context 11. Adverbs used to introduce dialogue 12. Compound adverbs 13. Adverbs of periodicity 14. Transposition of adverbs into adjectives 15. Transposition of adverbs into verbs 16. To transpose or not to transpose? Transposition of verbs 17. Present participles used as adjectives in English 18. Present participles versus adjectives in French 19. Gerunds 20. Free translation 21. Translation in context. 22. Pick out the various –ing forms in the following extract and suggest possible translations 23. When possible, replace modal or semi-modal verbs by adverbs or adverbial phrases 24. Translate ‘can’ + ‘be’+ past participle by an adjective Multiple transpositions 25. Nominalize French subordinate clauses 26. Nominalize the following ‘how’ clauses using phrases of the type : ‘la façon de.. la manière
de…’ 27. ‘How’ again! But no guideline this time… 28. A mixed bag of subordinate clauses 29. Same exercise with a different guideline 30. Analyse all the cases when ‘and’ is not translated by ‘et’ 31. Translate ‘and’ by a preposition or a relative pronoun whenever possible 32. Discuss the various types of transposition used in the following extract 33. Which to choose? 2. LA MODULATIONDéfinitions Modulation, modulation lexicalisée Modulation lexicale, modulation syntaxique Modulations lexicales La métonymie Exemples de glissements métonymiques Ancrage déictique à ancrage géographique Du plus concret au moins concret Modulations syntaxiques Le renversement de point de vue. Le contraire négativé Le renvoi à la personne Changements de voix, changements d’aspect La dépersonnalisation par effacement du pronom personnel La dépersonnalisation par commutation de déterminants Le nombre : Singulier ó Pluriel Lexical
Modulations 34. Translate the following sentences and discuss the differences between English and French medical terms 35. Discuss the differences between English and French phrases 36. Here are five sentences with the word ‘bone(s)’ in them 37. Select three of the following words: fruit, hand, household, purple, straw. 38. Idiomatic English/ Idiomatic French 39. Animal imagery 40. Translation in context 41.
Find French equivalent proverbial expressions Syntactic Modulations 43. The game of opposites 44. Give whenever possible two translations, one with a negative adverb and one without 45. ‘Wish’ 46. ‘Miss’ 47. Changing the part for the whole. Translate focussing on the whole being 48. Remember: no hard-and-fast rule, options may be different in context 49. Remember: no hard-and-fast rule, instances with ‘name’ 50. Aspectual changes 51. Commentary 52. Now, it’s your turn to translate! 53. Changing from passive to active, from passive to ‘pronominal’ 54. Make two translations 55. In Context 56. Commentary 57. Translate and list all the instances of ‘modulation’ encountered in the process 58. All the verbs in the following sentences can be translated by one French verb 59. Recipes: Minestrone, Chocolate Cake, Beauty Tips, Writers’ Guidelines 60. Changing determiners Changing
from plural to singular and from singular to plural 61. Commentary 62. Translation and commentary 63. Beware. Some English words end in ‘s’ but they are not plural. Some have no ‘s’, but are plurals. 64. Can you tell the difference between…? 65. Collective nouns 66. Strange encounters 67. Short texts 68. And not so short… 3. LE CHASSÉ-CROISÉDéfinitions 3.1. Le chassé-croisé 3.2. Le chassé croisé elliptique 3.3. Contre-exemples L’extension du chassé croisé 3.4. Les verbes de bruit et de lumière 3.5. Les résultatives Interchange 69. Comment on the way movements are translated in this extract 70. Commentary 71. Commentary 72. Now you translate 73. In Context 74. Result clauses with adjectives, prepositional phrases or adverbs. Commentary 75. Result clauses with adjectives. Translation 76. Result clauses with prepositional phrases or adverbs. Translation 77. The added difficulty of fitting it into a context… 78. Result clauses, a special case: ‘away’. 79. ‘Away’ in transitive and intransitive uses 80. Finding a way, one’s way, to the best translation.. 81. Hard Nuts to Crack 82. In Context 4. ÉTOFFEMENT ET EFFACEMENTDéfinitions 4.1. L’étoffement 4.2. L’effacement 4.3. La dilution et la concentration Exemples d’étoffement 4.4. Etoffement du nom par un adjectif 4.5.Etoffement du syntagme complexe 4.6. Etoffement dans l’introduction des citations 4.7. Etoffement des débuts de propositions en dialogue 4.8. Etoffement du pronom personnel neutre 4.9. Etoffement du possessif 4.10. Etoffement de la préposition. 4.11 La répétition de mots grammaticaux en français 4.12. L’ajout d’un pronom personnel Exemples d’effacement 4.13. Things, «choses» 4.14. Effacement d’un adjectif 4.15. Effacement du coordonnant and 4.16. Effacement du pronom personnel it cataphorique 4.17. Effacement du modal can devant un verbe de perception 4.18. Effacement de la préposition with 4.19. Effacement de la préposition on dans l’ expression de la date 4.20. Effacement et verbe à particule 4.21. Effacement du verbe d’attitude Effacement et étoffement : deux versants de la même opération de traduction Travaux pratiques : les traductions de ‘with’ 4.22. With traduit par « avec » 4.23. With traduit par « de » 4.24. With traduit par « à » 4.25. With traduit par « en » 4.26. Transposition et concentration des syntagmes de manière introduits par with 4.27. Effacement de ‘with’ 4.28. Etoffement de ‘with’ : 4.29. Expressions idiomatiques, refonte du syntagme 4.30. L’importance du contexte ou le jeu du cumul Expansion
and Reduction 83. Translating complex noun phrases. Politics 84. Translating complex noun phrases. Business 85. Translating complex noun phrases.
Local Tourism and Business 86. Translating complex noun phrases. Mixed Bag 87. Note that the longest agglutinations are not necessarily the hardest to 88. Compare the different options available to the translator in the following examples 89. Commentary 90. In Context 91. Complementing prepositions with verbs 92. The translation of possessives 93. Translating cultural allusions Additions 94. Repeating for the sake of clarity 95. Adding personal pronouns after transitive verbs and link verbs (be, seem…) 96. Different verb patterns 97. In Context 98. Ellipsis in English dialogues 99. Introducing quotations or dialogue 100. In Context Expansion
or reduction? 101. Try to be as concise as possible in your translation of tags 102. In Context 103. Translating ‘it’, ‘there is’ and ‘thing’ literally and comparing with non literal translations 104. Translating ‘it’, ‘there is’ and ‘thing’ 105. In Context 106. Analyse and comment various forms of expansion Reduction 107. Comment on the various ways of leaving ‘and’ out 108. Translating and 109. Comparing two translations 110. In Context . How do you set about translating and then in the following extract? 111. Discuss the role of and in the following extract 112. Translating verbs of attitudes. Commentary 113. Now translate 114. In Context 115. Translate leaving out modal verbs if possible 116. Try to translate modal verbs without using « pouvoir, devoir », etc. 117. In Context. Reduction or not? 118. What happens to modal verbs in the translation of the following proverbs? 119. Translate, paying attention to the English adverbs which can be avoided in French, and explain 120. Translate, avoiding the indefinite articles whenever possible 121. Analyse all the forms of expansion and reduction used in the following translation and comment 122. Analyse the various forms of reduction used in the translation of the following sentences List all the types of reduction used in the following translation Ways with ‘with’ 124. With in the description of people 125. With in the description of places 126. With introducing attitudes and postures 127. With introducing musical accompaniments 128. With in verb phrases 129. Idiomatic Phrases 130. Discuss the following translations and suggest alternatives 131. Translate the following medley of examples 132. In Context 133. List and classify if possible all the occurrences of ‘with’ in the following extract and suggest translations Passages for TranslationParents and children 1. BEATTIE, Ann, A Stepmother’s Rough Time (1998) 2. Dickens, Monica, Early Retirement (1968) 3. Lawrence, D.H., A Family Man Again (1913) 4. Burnett, F.H., A New Interest in Life (1886) Husbands and wives 5. PELECANOS, G.P., Detective Work (2001) 6. Shapiro, Laura, The Weary Worker’s Angel (2001) 7. Lanchester, John, Mr Phillips’s Dreams (2000) 8. Brett, Simon, ‘Anything Odd about the Cottons’ marriage ?’ (1988) Men and Dogs 9. Smiley, Jane, A Little Dog for a Bully (2000) 10. AMIS, Kingsley, Towser (1990) 11. Boyle, Patrick, A Church-going Dog (1970) 12. Oates, J.C., A Gentle Bump (1970) 13. London, Jack, Freed (1903) Social Conventions 14. Sterling, Bruce, Mia Ziemann Decides What to Wear at a Deathbed (1996) 15. Boyd, William, Not Closing His Mouth Properly (1990) 16. Binchy, Maeve, ‘What do you ask your future flatmates ?’ (1989) 17. Frances, Stephen, The Colour Bar (1971) 18. Pilcher, Rosamund, At the Edge of Other People’s Lives (1967) 19. Heyer, Georgette, ‘Good and Not So Good manners’ (1950) 20. Wilde, Oscar, A Proposal of Marriage (1899) The World of our
Forbears 21. Barton, Emily, The Remote World of our Ancestors (2000) 22. Kaplan, Fred, A Family Saga (1999) 23. Morris, Desmond, Communication Skills (1967) 24. Lewis, Roy, A Stone Age Man’s Education (1960) 25. London, Jack, A Dog’s Vision of Prehistoric Man (1903) Art & Vocation 26. BERNSTEIN, Richard, Woodwork or Travel? (2001) 27. Irving, John, The Origin of a Literary Career (1999) 28. McEwan, Ian, The Urge to Compose (1998) 29. Seth, Vikram, No Brains for the Bar (1994) 30. Auster, Paul, The Urge to Paint (1989) 31. Barley, Nigel, ‘Why not go on fieldwork ?’ (1983) 32. Johnston, George, Marine Painting (1966) Psychology/Psychiatry 33. Spark, Muriel, The Wolf Method (2001) 34. Mantel, Hilary, A Pressure-cooker Relationship (1995) 35. Ellroy, James, Psychiatric Evaluation Memorandum (1988) 36. Thurber, James, Accident Prone (1941) Ailments Big and Small 37. Hillerman, Tony, Hypothermia (1988) 38. Rome, Margaret, Diving Hazards (1982) 39. Pym, Barbara, ‘I’d like some sleeping tablets’ (1980) 40. O’Casey, Sean, ‘The pains in these legs of mine’ (1924) 41. Shaw, G.B., Getting a Third Opinion (1911) 42. Jerome, J.K., ‘Nothing Else Wrong with me’ (1889) Life’s Little
Accidents 43. Lessing, Doris, If only he had not scribbled… (2000) 44. Kaye, M.M., Was it a Joke ? (1983) 45. Drabble, Margaret, A Last-minute Mistake (1965) 46. Dickens, Monica, Determined to Make a Good Impression (1955) 47. Beckett, Samuel, An Incident at the Station (1953) 48. Orwell, George, A Soapy Neck (1939) Police Work 49. Keating, H.R.F., Looking for Clues (2000) 50. Rendell, Ruth, Police Advice (1994) 51. Tey, Josephine, A Police Summons (1977) 52. Shute, Neville, ‘It grows in the telling’ (1951) The Slow Course of
Justice 53. Spark, Muriel, The Missing Lord Lucan (2001) 54. Kosinski, Jerzy, Never Take Revenge in the Heat of the Moment (1965) 55. Foote, S.D., The Witnesses (1950) 56. Obeng, R.E., Contempt of the King’s Court (1943) Town and Country 57. Bayley, John, A Summer Treat (1998) 58. Corn, Alfred, Trafalgar Square (1997) 59. Brett, Simon, Smithy’s Loam (1988) 60. Lee, Laurie, Tramping through a Pocket of England (1969) 61. Barrington, Margaret, Harsh Winds (1944) 62. Woolf, Virginia, Summer Thrill (1928) 63. London, Jack, Not in Tune with Nature (1903) Mental and Physical
Portraits 64. Armstrong, Lindsay, Bred in the Bone (1997) 65. Lodge, David, Fifty-eight, and Five Feet Nine-and-a-Half (1995) 66. Irving, John, Piggy Sneed (1993) 67. Barstow, Stan, ‘You couldn’t call me ugly’ (1960) 68. Lawrence, D.H., Granny (1930) 69. Thackeray, W.M., A Paragon of Beauty (1852) People’s
Peculiarities 70. Chamberlain, Samuel, A Family of Incorrigible Epicures (2001) 71. Kirn, Walter, Thumbsucking (1999) 72. Lethem, James, Tourette’s Syndrome (1999) 73. James, P.D., Distinctions of Birth (1992) 74. Malouf, David, Holding Court in a Shop (1985) 75. Sharpe, Tom, Taking Words at Face Value (1982) 76. Apple, Max, Inventing Rest Stops (1976) First Impressions 77. Steel, Danielle, The Refugee (1986) 78. Rome, Margaret, Her First Chopper Flight to the Oil Rig (1982) 79. Pilcher, Rosamund, My First Home (1975) 80. Braine, John, My Room at Eagle Road (1957) 81. Durrell, Gerald, Arriving in Buenos Aires (1956) Differences of Opinion 82. Barton, Emily, ‘Clerics or no, it’s better to…’ (2000) 83. Lessing, Dorris, ‘Was he taking the mickey?’ (2000) 84. Beattie, Ann, None So Deaf as Those Who… (1998) 85. Byatt, A.S., A Question of Taste (1998) 86. Segal, Erich, A Sharp Exchange at the Library (1970) 87. Lee, Laurie, Spadge Hopkins’s Great Day (1959) 88. Lawrence, D.H., Bargaining (1913) 89. Doyle, A.C., Will you Bet? (1891) Emotions and
Obsessions 90. Boyle, T.C., For a Sanitized Environment (1998) 91. Lyons, Daniel, Too Good to be True (1998) 92. Kaye, M.M., Panic-stricken (1983) 93. Rendell, Ruth, Off the Hook (1974) 94. Collins, Wilkie, Sleepless Night (1856) Strange States,
Strange Beings 95. Goodman, Allegra, Waking Up (2001) 96. Townley, Roderick, Ups and Downs in a Fairy-tale Life (2001) 97. Boyd, William, ‘What was she playing at?’ (1990) 98. McCullers, Carson, Working like Invisible Ink (1951) 99. Priestley, J.B., As if by Magic (1949) 100. Carroll, Lewis, Growing Taller by the Second (1865)
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